Advanced Level Biology (AL) 2002-2004

The curriculum and assessment guide (downloaded from ED-CDI)

Note that the word " syllabus " has disappeared from official documents.

課程範圍

Cell (Histology)

Web learning experience on histology

Histology quiz (Identification of photomicrographs)

A short quiz on 15 key terms (Oct 21, 2002)

Cell (Transport in and out of cells)

A number of animations  http://www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/~johnson/teaching/cell/cell.htm

Biochemical reactions and enzymes (Textbook ch. 8)

Revision of S5 core knowledge : PowerPoint Presentation for Teaching : Metabolism

Students please make a visit to the following web site which has kept a lot of useful animation. Quicktime plug-in is needed. http://tidepool.st.usm.edu/crswr/animations.html

At this stage, please view :active transport, competitive inhibition, endocytosis, enzyme function, exocytosis, facilitated diffusion, feedback (enzyme function), gated channel, induced fit, primary and secondary structure (protein) [They may be freely used provided that acknowledgement of the author is given.]

To study an enzyme in 3-D, try  " Cytochrome oxidase subunit I " at  http://www.bioc.rice.edu/~graham/Bios302/InteractiveCcO_I.html (The latest version of chime plug-in is needed to achieve compatibility with I.E.6.0;  try the netscape communicator browser as an alternative.)　

Diversity of organisms and classification (Textbook ch. 5 and 6)

l Web tool : English - Chinese translation of Biology terms : http://www.cmi.hku.hk/Ref/Glossary/Bio/s.htm 

l Classification of plants (at CE level) http://www.cccmkc.edu.hk/~kei-kph/Classification/Diversity%20of%20plants.htm 

l The classification of human being  http://www.cccmkc.edu.hk/~kei-kph/Human%20genome/Homo%20sapiens.htm 

l There are lots of reference materials in our intranet. Visit Mkc_vs2 to watch some of our video clips.

Kingdom Prokaryotae

l To watch how a bacterium swims, click into http://www.stewartartists.com/Pages/jjani_qt/jjecoli_qt.html 

l To know more about pathogenic microbes (= micro-organisms that cause diseases), please hyper-link to http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/museum/index.htm , 

then press " When worlds collide : macro versus micro ",

then press (in the left hand side column) " The microbial menace - known pathogens ",

then click onto the thumb-nails of the pathogens to learn about their structures and common names.

Autotrophic nutrition

1. The following web-site contains interesting multi-media material concerning photosynthesis, however, you need to download  Authorware Web Player 6.5 - Full [which plays any Authorware application, created with Authorware version 6.x, 5.x, 4 or 3.5.] Visit the site. It will tell you what to do. [It was created by John M. Moore and assisted by Andrew P Whipple of the Biology Department, Taylor University.]

http://www.tayloru.edu/upland/departments/biology/authorware/photosynthesis/photosynthesis.html

2. Please complete a multiple-choice quiz on photosynthesis (Nov 02, Quiz no.5) Press this sentence please.

Respiration

Glycolysis : If you wish to know the complexity of chemical pathway, browse (but don't attempt to study) http://www.gwu.edu/~mpb/glycolysis.htm

Other metabolic pathways : http://www.gwu.edu/~mpb/index.html 

Ecology (Basic principles)

Tropical rainforest activity sheet (Finding, understanding and presenting information). Click into this hyperlink to get your assignment.

The wild nature of Hong Kong : To learning something about our local natural habitats, please visit the Agriculture, fisheries and conservation department; Country and Marine Parks Authority   http://parks.afcd.gov.hk/newparks/eng/index.htm 

A view of Hong Kong from the satellite : http://www.worldsat.ca/digital_data/satellite/10m_HKMacau.html# 

The Nitrogen cycle animation (Flash *.exe file, 310 KB) : http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/facilities/multimedia [For this animaiton, click into ecology on the right hand side column.]

The Carbon cycle : http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/facilities/multimedia [Click into the introductory Biology section first]

The quoted web-site (University of Alberta)  has a lot of multi-media materials to offer, though some are at the University level, many are suitable for A.L. courses. 

Our field camp at HO KOON (References)

1. Learning support centre, Dept of Ecology and Biodiversity (Stream ecology): http://ecology.hku.hk/jupas/stream.htm

2. The web address of our nature study centre at 可觀 http://www.hokoon.edu.hk

3. Previous year's web-based field report (S7 field trip report 2001) : http://www.cccmkc.edu.hk/~sbj-biology (temporarily removed)

Appreciate the wonderful beauty of nature

The virtual aquarium (Japanese)  http://www.asahi.com/nature/aqua/index.html 

The FLORA AND VEGETATION (including crops 農作物) of Hong Kong

You can find the common and scientific names of most local crops from the following site. It is devoted to HONG KONG FLORA AND VEGETATION 香港植物及植被.

 http://www.hkflora.com/v2/projects/proj02foodplant/proj02_list_food_plants.htm 

 ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION - The HKSAR  EPD WEB PAGE has tons of information

http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/envir_education/edu_maincontent.html

CONSERVATION in HONG KONG (Good for browsing, relevant to our curriculum)

http://www.afcd.gov.hk/sitemap/sitemap_e.htm (comprehensive site map page - useful starting point)

Heterotrophic nutrition

Hydroponics  (What children around the world are doing ?)

http://www.carbon.org/ProjectSites.htm 

Diabetes quiz : http://www.heartcenteronline.com/myheartdr/Articles_about_the_heart/The_Diabetes_Center.html#

Knowledge base : There are two main kinds of diabetes (Refer to textbook p.269 for an initial study). We will come to study the topic in greater detail later (curriculum guide section ???).

The structure of  the intestine

Photomicrograph of villi at ileum (Left frame, no. 36, L)  http://www.medsch.wisc.edu/anatomy/histo/htm/gibase.htm 

Photomicrograph of duodenum (Left frame, no. 35, L)  http://www.medsch.wisc.edu/anatomy/histo/htm/gibase.htm 

Photomicrograph of stained goblet cells (mucus-secreting) at intestinal epithelium (Left frame, no. 42, L)

          http://www.medsch.wisc.edu/anatomy/histo/htm/gibase.htm 

Gross structure of the intestine (textbook  p.185)

          Outer covering (=serosa) > muscularis externa (= external muscle layers = longitudinal muscle, circular muscle) > 

           submucosa  (connective tissue) > mucosa (connective tissue, nearest to the lumen)

          http://www.medsch.wisc.edu/anatomy/histo/htm/gibase.htm  (Left frame, no. 49, L)

TEST : Suggested answer

Digestion processes of a piece of fried egg-white

Alimentary canal_photomicrographs (Question and answer)

Gaseous exchange

Asthma 哮喘 :  please choose one site for your study. The virginia site has some AV materials.

                            http://www.people.virginia.edu/~smb4v/tutorials/asthma/asthma1.html

                            http://www.lungusa.org/asthma/astasthma.html#whatis

                   The following site is hosted by the Unesco - World Health Organisation (WHO).

                    It has an alphabetical index of important health topics. You will also find SARS update.

                            http://www.who.int/health_topics/en

                    / A concise summary of  asthma

                    Histology of tissues related to the respiratory system : Please visit the JayDoc Histology Web,

                    it is quite systematically organised and easy to use. 

                            http://www.kumc.edu/instruction/medicine/anatomy/histoweb/index.htm 

                    Photomicrographs of the ventilation (respiratory) system : ANSWER of a short quiz

Special assignment related to the Atypical pneumonia caused school closure [April 5, 2003]

[1]  An excellent BBC documentary " THE LIFE OF MAMMALS 哺乳類全傳 " is going to be broadcasted by TVB soon. The first episode (第一集) of the ten-episode-documentary will be shown on April 7, 2003 (Monday) on Pearl (明珠台) at 9:30 pm.  Please tune to the station then. I may make a quiz about the programme. 

[2] Please assist Ching ka wai and Wong wai shan to write up the final version of our web-based field trip report.

[3] Please study the section related to the BLOOD CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. When the set of hand out is ready, I will notify each of you via e-mail.

[4] Please consolidate (鞏固) what you have learned since September 2002. Remember : no pain, no gain. Don't be put off by  the the gloomy weather. Provide yourself with a bright indoor light source (with stimulating wavelength). Stay away from the bed after 8:00 am. Keep waking up early. Alternate your activities. 

[5] For access to the adaptive features of field animals and plants at Tai Mo Shan, please enter your login password when being prompted. https://intranet.cccmkc.edu.hk/~sbj-biology/S6 field camp(02-03)/Adaptive features of plants and animals [Ready by April 7] [Reminders : (1) These files are at present uncorrected yet. (2) Some of them are large memory files.]

[6] For access to your field camp diary, get it from https://intranet.cccmkc.edu.hk/~sbj-biology/S6 field camp(02-03)/My Eco_diary [Ready by April 7]

[7] Tests will be set on gaseous exchange and transport when the school re-opens. [Apr 7, 2003  4:00 pm update]

[8] Please study the suggested ANSWER  of  the March 2003 Ecology Quiz. Click here.  

[ The original question paper for downlaod ] [Apr 9, 2003 10:00 pm update]

[9] Please study the ANSWER of the liver quiz. Click to download

           [ ANSWER_quiz on liver ]          [ QUIZ ON LIVER_The blank question paper ]

[10] A number of SARS links for your reference and STUDY ACTION :

http://www.droid.cuhk.edu.hk/web/atypical_pneumonia/atypical_pneumonia_c.htm (CUHK link : Click into HRCT to watch ...)

http://www.hku.hk/facmed/press/ (HKU Faculty of medicine : there are some well organised materials, watch ! As a start, try the March 27 press release.)

http://www.endlessbattles.com/ (The web site tells you which buildings have reported infection cases, and other updated statistical data.)

http://www.sosick.org/

http://www.who.org (Please read the Apr 11 update 27 article, as the article is quite long, focus on the following sections at the moment : Status of the outbreak, hot zones of concern, China, Canada, Hong Kong, New corona virus discovered, a role out for other emergencies, why SARS is such a serious threat.

[12] Remember to watch the second episode of the life of mammals on Monday.

[Apr 12, 2003  3:00 update]

[13] SARS again :

         The first institution (Genome Sciences Centre, Canada) which have deciphered 

         the genetic code (nucleotide sequence) of the coronavirus

          http://www.bcgsc.ca/bioinfo/SARS/

         US Centre for Disease Control (CDC) http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/sars/

         The University of Hong Kong has also cracked the genetic code of the deadly virus :

         http://www.hku.hk/facmed/press/ (A powerpoint presentation is available for download,

            you can find the 3-D structure of the virus in the file.)

[14] I have made a mini-powerpoint slide (only 3 pages) abut the corona virus, please download it here.

[15] Remember to browse  through our electronic newspaper : http://wisenews.wisers.net 

          Organisation = mkc      user = student        password = ******* (You should know that) 

[Apr 17, 2003 update]

[16] HOMEWORK : Please read a piece of newspaper (in Chinese) related to the coronavirus. You are asked to translate some of the technical terms. The terms are provided for you. If you discover any mistakes, please tell me. You are expected to complete the task before Apr 20, 2003. Please download [The coronavirus may be originated from wild exotic species that people eat] here. My suggested answer will appear here before Apr 20, 2003. 

THE SUGGESTED ANSWER IS HERE (ONLY view it after you have done your homework ! Please !)

     You may download a html page or a WORD document.

[Apr 18, 2003 4: 00 pm update]       

Transport (blood circulatory system)

r Histology of the cardio-vascular system : reference - University of Wisconsin

http://www.medsch.wisc.edu/anatomy/histo/htm/cvbase.htm 

r Digital anatomy 

http://www9.biostr.washington.edu/da.html (The digital anatomist project, worth browsing)

http://www.med.uiuc.edu/histo/small/atlas/slides.htm (An atlas of histology at the University of Illinois)

r THE BLOOD CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (A COMPREHENSIVE POWERPOINT SLIDE SHOW) Click here.

           https://intranet.cccmkc.edu.hk/~sbj-biology/S6 Bio(Transport_mammals)/Blood circulatory system_2003.ppt

           This is a large file at about 20 MB. It is accessible for intranet users only. Video-hyperlink is available only in cccmkc.

r ANSWER  to the AL question 1996 I no.12  THE CARDIAC CYCLE (Optional homework)

r ANSWER  to the learning hand-out : Components of blood

r ANSWER  to the learning hand-out : A classification chart to show the components of blood

r ANSWER  to the learning hand-out : The transport of carbon dioxide, introductory question

               Torrential downpour morning early release 

                                                       紅雨警報早上特別參考

                                                         Photomicrograph of the small intestine

                                                                       Photomicrographs of the ventilation (respiratory) system with ANSWER

Transport (Plants)

Mass flow hypothesis (Animated, Chinese)  http://www.cmi.hku.hk/material/flashres/m_massflow.html 

The immune system 免疫系統

More on SARS

Watch a piece of TV news (英語電視新聞) on recent research on SARS : How to prevent the coronavirus from entering the human cell ?

To get a written  transcript (書面翻譯) of the news, press here ! (There you can hyper-link to watch a video clip.)

Health (including immunology)

n Methods of immunity

n Organ transplant (Here you will find some teaching notes and a few web LINKS)

n Antibiotics 抗生素 (Click here to view the whole set of  " examination-required notes ")

          n [A blessing in disguise]   英文勵志 hyper-link

n Non-communicable diseases (Dept of health, Hong Kong)

         n Online teaching notes on CANCER : Press here.

         Link to information about local cancer (Department of Health, HKSAR) : Press below topics

         * Cancer (various types); 

         * Heart diseases; cerebrovascular disease; Diabetes mellitus; hypertension;

         * Smoking;  obesity;  physical activity;  diet and nutrition;  alcohol.

n Health topics (searchable) in the web page of the WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION 世界衛生組織

           Off the main road to the Protease experiment

         Off the main road to view the test result of our Transport Quiz

         Off the main road to view an animated heart (showing the cardiac cycle)

                http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/kw/pharm/hyper_heart1.html 

n The benefits of regular exercise (word document)

n C.U.H.K. Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme biligual educational website for primary and secondary students and their teachers on healthy eating and physical activity aimed at combating childhood obesity in Hong Kong. http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/fns/fun-in-seven [This is an interesting local website with lots of scientific contents. Read the sections and extract useful materials from it in a systematic manner.]

n 動感健康教育網頁  http://healthed.cs.cityu.edu.hk/index.html 香港城市大學電腦科學系研究項目製作
香港中文大學社區及家庭醫學系協助輯製 (Please read the section on alcoholism 酗酒 http://healthed.cs.cityu.edu.hk/wine/index.html / C and A guide 6.1.3 Alcohol abuse)

n Alcohol : What are the basic facts of  " the physiological effects of alcohol on the body " ? 

   http://www.alcoholconcern.org.uk/Information/Factsheets/Factsheetlist.htm  

         (Advanced learners may try the *.pdf file Health Impacts of Alcohol, however, 

          it is too detailed at this stage. Worth browsing.)

          Basic article for examination study : please study

          An edited article Health impacts of alcohol (edited, rewritten)

          The laws of Hong Kong - ordinance related to the breathing test (excessive alcohol vapour in exhaled air)

          http://www.justice.gov.hk/Home.htm 香港法例 (A searchable index is available.)

n A multi-media guide to genetic disorders (An excellent web-site)  

        http://www.yourgenesyourhealth.org/ygyh/mason/index

n Sickle cell anaemia (disease) (C & A guide Sec.6.4.4 Genetic diseases)  Watch flash movies.

       http://www.yourgenesyourhealth.org/ygyh/mason/ygyh.html?syndrome=sickle&section=whatisit&video=0 

            Intranet version  Watch a film about Sickle cell anaemia (in relation to genetics)

            What is sickle cell anaemia 鐮狀細胞性貧血 ? 

            What causes sickle cell anaemia ? (animation, mostly relevant to our curriculum)

           Do an online quiz on sickle cell anaemia, click here.

n   Haemophilia 血友病 (Gene code abnormality)

             What is haemophilia ?

             What causes haemophilia ? (A general understanding is adequate, it is not necessary to study the clotting process.)

n  Down syndrome (chromosomal abnormality)

         What are the causes of Down syndrome 唐氏綜合症 ? 

                 (Most cases : non-disjunction ; study only the first half of the animated file.)

                 (Study textbook p. 744 Down's syndrome)

        How is Down syndrome inherited ? (Too advanced for AL, just for browsing.)

n  G-6-P dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) : http://www.G6PD.org 

n Genetic screening, click here for notes.

n Reference : http://www.cmi.hku.hk/material/n_bio.html (港大中文網站 - 生物科) (Biology Glossary, English to Chinese)

        http://resources.ed.gov.hk/biology/b5/ (教育及人力統籌科 - 課程發展署) (Biology Glossary, English to Chinese)

Study the section on Diet with reference to your curriculum guide.

        http://www.hkedcity.net/iworld/iclub_main.phtml?iclub_id=54 (香港教育城生物支援網)

        http://www.cmi.hku.hk/material/flashres/ (Animated programs for learning Biology concepts; local production.)

                   Take one example : the life cycle of a bacteriophage 

                                                          http://www.cmi.hku.hk/material/flashres/m_phage_lifecycle.html 

        http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive (Bio-interactive, a high-quality web site with some amazing animations.)

        http://bioinfo.life.nthu.edu.tw/lsteaching.htm (台灣清華大學 生命科學網路教學中心)

        http://www.itg.uiuc.edu/exhibits/gallery (Images of Biological structures & others, Imaging Technology Group)

        http://dls.hkcampus.net/~dls-sck/ (A local Bio teacher's homepage - Mr. Shum, with an active Biology newsgroup)

        http://syi.hkcampus.net/~syi-kc/start.htm (Another local Biology teacher's homepage, Mr. Wong)

        http://www.hkbiology.net/ (該站為全港最受歡迎個人生物教育網站 as stated by the web-masters in the web site)

DNA, the molecule of heredity

Textbook p.602 - 618 THE NATURE OF THE GENE [C & A guide : 3.1.1 Nature and action of the gene]

          BELOW : Hyper-linked study guide

The cytoskeleton of an epithelial cell  http://www.itg.uiuc.edu/exhibits/gallery/pages/image-1.htm

Watch out for the " nucleus ", the storage site and data base of our genetic information.

DNA interactive (multi-media)  http://www.dnai.org/index.html (An excellent web site, 多媒體, 互動)

DNA MODELS : http://www.ncbe.reading.ac.uk/DNA50/models.html

          An intellectual journey into more molecular models  http://www.rpc.msoe.edu/3dmd/pics.php 

DNA QUIZ ( You must do it. )    http://server3.cccmkc.edu.hk/~kei-kph/Biology quiz/DNA_chemical nature.htm

          Learning about the STRUCTURE  and  FUNCTION  of   DNA

DNA, a huge library of information, intranet version

DNA, its important role in controlling metabolism, growth, development and perpetuation, intranet version (revision)

DNA - its structure, the human genome, genetic diseases - an elementary shockwave file

DNA (Molecular structure and semi-conservative replication, animated), intranet version

Chargaff ratio (mathematical rule that governs the ratio of A:T and G:C)

Complementarity principle of base pairing

Coiling up of the two anti-parallel strands of the simulated " DNA ladder "

The double helix (A leap of imagination......bases flying up to meet the ceiling)

The Meselson-Stahl experiment to demonstrate the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication, CLICK !

DNA replication I (computer simulation)

DNA replication II (Video clip), intranet version

DNA replication III (Very short animation), intranet version

Transcription I (computer simulation in real time ......)

Transcription II (an alternative video clip, 2-D animation), intranet version

Transcription III (computer 3-D simulation_the action of RNA polymerase and codon matching)

Transcription IV (A simple version, QT format), intranet version

Triplet code (Video - How many " letters " are there in the " genetic code " ?)

The triplet code and translation (in a historical perspective with clear diagrammatic explanation - very useful.)

          Transcription class work (ANSWER)   (QUESTION PAPER)

Translation I - polypeptide synthesis (computer 3-D simulation)

Translation II (an alternative video clip, 2-D animation), intranet versio

Translation III (The musical machine, a lot of fun.), intranet version

Translation IV (A short QT format animation), intranet version

Exploring our molecular selves (HGP : Chromosomes in the nucleus, transcription, translation - an overall view.) wmv

Exploring our molecular selves (HGP : Chromosomes in the nucleus, transcription, translation - an overall view.) Quicktime

The One gene - one polypeptide(one enzyme) hypothesis (The Beadle and Tatum expt.) 

                    Focus on the major ideas, not chemical names.

The molecules of heredity (In the beginning, it was thought to be proteins.)  For the advanced learner.

Introns and exons (Brief reference only)

Retroviruses - evidence in contradiction to the " central dogma ".  (RNA is the genetic material in some viruses, e.g. the HIV)

                    Self study for the advanced learner, perhaps.

Artificial DNA synthesis (Video clip, for the advanced learner), intranet version

DNA (Video clip, its organisation into a super-coiled structure), intranet version

Histone - the proteins that stabilise super-coiled DNA molecule

                    Self study for the advanced learner, perhaps. Focus on the major ideas, not details.

Genes can be turned on and off (The Jacob-Monod theory of gene action)  Focus on the major ideas, not details.

DNA repair systems (There are specific enzymes to repair damaged DNA !) Focus on the major ideas, not details.

Changes in genetic materials (chromosomal mutation and point mutation; Muller, Morgan and Benzer)

網路參考資料, 日後請細閱  DNA from the beginning  http://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/1/concept/index.html

   (A systematic web-based tutorial for the curious kid who wants intellectual satisfaction !)

         (每一主題各有網頁和相關動畫等, 真的非常精彩 !)

          Intranet video clips 內聯網電影

          \\Mkc_vs2\video\Biological Sciences, 生命科學\! FILM SEGMENTS 電影片段\DNA (ONE,comprehensive coverage) 脫氧核醣核酸

          Some practical works on DNA

DNA Fingerprint : The method of gel electrophoresis is explained in the web site step by step

     http://www.life.uiuc.edu/molbio/geldigest/electro.html#gel      

Biotechnology experiments (U. of Reading, U.K.) http://www.ncbe.reading.ac.uk/NCBE/PROTOCOLS/pracbiotech.html 

Extracting DNA from Onion (Practical menu)

Biotechnology (Educational CD-ROM : Institute of Education 2002; good reference) Intranet version

     (1) Study the menu option CLASSROOM (A lot of course relevant contents !)

     (2) Study the menu option EXPERIMENT (Teacher's guidance at this stage)

\\Mkc_vs2\video\Biological Sciences, 生命科學\BIOTECHNOLOGY 生物科技(HK Institute of Education 2002)

Multi-media resources on THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT (HGP), excellent !

   http://www.genome.gov/Pages/EducationKit/download.html

Significant steps in the timeline of genetics research

How to sequence a genome

Genes, variation and human history

Ethical, legal and social implications of the HGP

Talking glossary of genetic terms  http://www.genome.gov/glossary.cfm 

 Genetic disorder (Your genes, your health; multi-media)  http://www.yourgenesyourhealth.org/ygyh/mason/index

S6 Biology Final Examination (02-03)   2.14 Mb  word document (Posted on July 11, 2003)

Cell Division / the cell cycle

Cell Division menu page

Mendelian genetics menu page