網海資源, 無窮無盡, 寬彊廣界, 為免糾纏枝節, 

變成迷茫學術孤兒, 請留意老師指引, 提綱挈領, get the main points.

Textbook p.602 - 618 THE NATURE OF THE GENE

          [一看] The cytoskeleton of an epithelial cell  http://www.itg.uiuc.edu/exhibits/gallery/pages/image-1.htm

Watch out for the " nucleus ", the storage site and data base of our genetic information.

DNA

Useful references related to  Genetics / DNA  ("大堆頭" 資訊入門網站)

l 網路參考資料, 日後請細閱  [一看] DNA from the beginning  http://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/1/concept/index.html

   (A systematic web-based tutorial for the curious kid who wants intellectual satisfaction !)

         (每一主題各有網頁和相關動畫等, 對認真的學者來說, 真的非常精彩 ! 世間竟有如此優質的免費網站)

l DNA interactive (multi-media) [一看]  http://www.dnai.org/index.html (An excellent web site, 多媒體, 互動)

l Genetic science Learning Centre [一看] http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu (Self-learning)

l Animation LINKS  [一看] http://science.nhmccd.edu/biol/bio1int.htm  

                                                   (Many relevant and excellent URLs, many other useful titles of other topics)

l Talking glossary of genetic terms  http://www.genome.gov/glossary.cfm 

l 內聯網電影, intranet film clips

          Intranet video clips  (In fact, there are several  DNA  folders)

          \\Mkc_vs2\video\Biological Sciences, 生命科學\! FILM SEGMENTS 電影片段\DNA (ONE,comprehensive coverage) 脫氧核資醣核酸

l 內聯網資源 (My life)       l 內聯網資源 (My World)

　

The structure and function of  DNA

DNA MODELS : http://www.ncbe.reading.ac.uk/DNA50/models.html

          An intellectual journey into more molecular models  http://www.rpc.msoe.edu/3dmd/pics.php 

DNA QUIZ ( [教學]  You must do it. 必做 )    http://www.cccmkc.edu.hk/~kei-kph/Biology quiz/DNA_chemical nature.htm

               Get ready for a thought-provoking intellectual journey, 

           順序推展, 層層深入 GO ! 

           Plug-in : Media player classic ; Media player ; Shockwave player (Adobe)

The discovery of the double helix of DNA - Watson & Crick

Dr. Watson and his wife Liz

Watson and Crick (Cambridge days)

Watson and Crick (young)

Francis Crick (mature)

Maurice Wilkins (Advanced)

Photo archive (Watson, Crick, Liz, Rosalin) (intranet)

Nobel prize in physiology or medicine 1962 (Hyperlink to the official site)

Milestones along the intellectual journey

Rosalin Franklin's X-ray photograph of DNA

Linus Pauling and the race for DNA (a lot of historical documents) - Teacher's reference

The significance of DNA

  Genes - a very brief introduction (*.doc, worksheet)

[教] DNA, the basis of the mystery of life (intranet film heading - simple stuff)

[教] DNA, a huge library of information, (introductory film, intranet version ; with 3-D animation of the double helix)

[自學] DNA, its important role in controlling metabolism, growth, development and perpetuation, 

    (intranet film, boring but useful, for self-learning)

 DNA and chromosome - structural organisation 

[教] DNA - its structure, the human genome, genetic diseases (foundation idea of the organisation of DNA, histone, chromatid/chromosome) - an elementary shockwave file (good)

[教] The structure of chromosome in relation to DNA + the genetic code (intranet film, Cantonese, 廣東話)

        [教, 可由中段開始]

  In search of the " secret of life " - the molecular structure of DNA  

Deoxyribonucleic acid 去氧核糖核酸  - structure + replication

[curriculum guide - 3.1]

    Expected learning outcomes :

        * historical development of genetic concepts and ideas ;

        * creative thinking + empirical support ;

        * ongoing development of scientific knowledge ;

        * insights about the methods of scientific investigation.

[自學] A simple introduction to DNA (simple animation 動畫 *.swf, flip page after page, best for self-learning)

[自學或不理] Structure of DNA (refined animation, ) , 

        (internet html, self-learning ; rotating DNA, 10 base pairs per turn, complementarity, 2 or 3 hydrogen bonds)

[教學, 必看] DNA (Teaching video clip : Molecular structure and semi-conservative replication, complementarity principle), (*.mpg)

Chargaff ratio (Teaching : the beginning of bioinformatics : mathematical rule that governs the ratio of A:T and G:C), (*.swf)

    [An identical but of higher quality video clip will be available later for this title and many others.]

[教學] [DNA related words 辨字 (pre 2009)

[教學]  Purine and pyrimidine organic bases

[教學]  The five organic bases

[教學] Semi-conservative replication : Basic terms (*.doc, worksheet keywords)

[教] The complementary nature of DNA molecule (stepwise formation of the double helix - two anti-parallel strands) (*.swf, internet)

[教] Complementarity principle of base pairing (Watson demonstrates by paper cards 原創者親自示範) (*.swf)

[自學] Coiling up of the two anti-parallel strands of the simulated " DNA twisted ladder " (*.swf)

[教, 佢開心到飛起] The double helix (A leap of imagination......bases flying up to meet the ceiling - " feeling " the joy of discovery) (*.swf)

[自學] The Meselson-Stahl experiment to demonstrate the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication (*.swf)

        (Self-learning ; step by step provision of experimental evidence)  

[教, 很好] DNA replication I (semi-conservative / animation ; new : slow narration & systematic; good English voice-over) (*.swf)

[自學, 電腦動畫] DNA replication II (computer simulation / animation / fast and hard to follow, but exciting) (*.swf)

[教, 可由中段開始] DNA replication III (3-D DNA, DNA polymerase working in opposite direction), (*.mpg, intranet)

[自學, 可以不看] DNA replication IV (Very short animation), intranet version

[自學, 稍深] DNA replication V (refined animation, internet html), best for self-learning

Transcription  and  translation - how does DNA work ?

[教學] Post-transcriptional modification of the mRNA (intron + exon) web-page

[教學] [自學] Introns and exons (Brief reference only) (film, intranet version)

[自學] Transcription I (computer simulation in real time ......) (*.swf ; self learning + " feeling " the process)

[教學] Transcription II (Teaching video clip, 2-D animation), (intranet film, slow & clear)

[教學] [自學] Transcription III (Self-learning : computer 3-D simulation_the action of RNA polymerase and codon matching) (hands on exercise, very good !)

[自學] Transcription IV (Teaching / reinforcement : QT format) (intranet version, clear narration & visual display)

[教學, 數學角度] Triplet code (Short video - How many " letters " are there in the " genetic code " ? 1, 2 or 3 ?)

[教學] The triplet code and translation (Teaching and self-learning, excellent !)  

                (*.swf, in a historical perspective with clear diagrammatic explanation)

[堂課] Transcription class work (ANSWER)    (QUESTION PAPER)

Translation

[教學] [自學] Translation I - polypeptide synthesis (computer 3-D simulation in real time) (*.swf ; self learning + " feeling " the process)

[教學] Translation II (A video clip, 2-D animation), (film, intranet version, slow and clear narration)

[自學] Translation III (The musical machine simile, a lot of fun.), (film, intranet version)

[自學] Translation IV (A short QT format animation), (intranet version, clear narration but a bit fast)

Translation V (simple animation, html, 本地製作) (internet version : http://www.cmi.hku.hk/material/flashres/m_protein_synthesis.html)

[教學] Translation VI  (DNA nucleotides + transcription + Protein synthesis)  

        (*.swf, new ; clear English narration & excellent animation !)

[教學] [自學] [家課] The One gene - one polypeptide(one enzyme) hypothesis (The Beadle and Tatum expt.) (*.swf)

                     Focus on the major ideas, not chemical names. Worksheet available.

[教學] ANSWER to worksheet " One gene-one polypeptide hypothesis " (*.doc, intranet)

More on DNA

[自學] Exploring our molecular selves (HGP : Chromosomes in the nucleus, transcription, translation - an overall view.) wmv

[自學][必看] [重覆上述課題] Exploring our molecular selves - a summary of transcription & translation

                                        (HGP : Chromosomes in the nucleus, transcription, translation - an overall animated view, basic !) Quicktime

[自學] [或暫時可以不理] The molecules of heredity (In the beginning, it was thought to be proteins.)  For the advanced learner only.

[自學] [或暫時可以不理] Retroviruses - evidence in contradiction to the " central dogma ". 

             (RNA is the genetic material in some viruses, e.g. the HIV)   Self study for the advanced learner, perhaps.

[自學] Artificial DNA synthesis (Video clip, for the advanced learner), intranet version

[教學] [自學] DNA (Video clip, its organisation into a super-coiled structure - DNA, HISTONE), (film, intranet version)

[教學] [自學] [或暫時可以不理] Histone - the proteins that stabilise super-coiled DNA molecule

                    [A short section on electrophoresis.]

                    [Each histone core has 8 proteins ; nucleosome = histone core + DNA wrap]

                    Self study for the advanced learner, perhaps. Focus on the major ideas, not details.　

[自學] [或暫時可以不理] Genes can be turned on and off (The Jacob-Monod theory of gene action)  Focus on the major ideas, not details. (*.swf)

[自學] [或暫時可以不理] DNA repair systems (There are specific enzymes to repair damaged DNA !) Focus on the major ideas, not details. (*.swf)

[自學] [或暫時可以不理] Changes in genetic materials (chromosomal mutation and point mutation; Muller, Morgan and Benzer) (*.swf)

[自學 / 參考] DNA - self learning web site at the Biotechnology Centre, University of Wisconsin 

            [A site for the academically adventurous kid.]

Some practical works on DNA

[必看] Extraction of DNA (DNA spooling捲軸方法) from Kiwi fruit (English) (video clip, *.wmv)

           Extraction of DNA (DNA spooling捲軸方法) from Kiwi fruit (中文) 

           The principle behind the crude extraction of DNA (blank worksheet)

[必看] Extraction of DNA -laboratory procedure - D.I.Y. (= Do it yourself)

           Extracting DNA from Onion (Practical menu)

Extracting DNA from anything living (recipe + photographs)

CLONING + biotechnology

[ The path from classical morphology to bioinformatics ]

Plant tissue culture 

[必看] The process of plant tissue culture (intranet film)

[必看] Micropropagation of orchid in the greenhouse (intranet film)

[必看] Cloning Dolly, the world's first cloned mammal (from a somatic body cell nucleus) (Very good English narration)

Genetic engineering / DNA technology / the molecular tool

[必看] Gel electrophoresis - a practical demonstration (English)

            Gel electrophoresis - a practical demonstration (中文)

[Good news] We will do a similar experiment based on the CUHK's educational kit.

[必看] DNA gel electrophoresis and fingerprinting exercise (*.swf, very good English narration)

DNA Fingerprint : The method of gel electrophoresis is explained in the web site step by step

[必看]  http://www.life.uiuc.edu/molbio/geldigest/electro.html#gel    (photographs provided)

Gel electrophoresis (*.swf, very good graphic)

[必看 ] DNA hybridisation - the Southern Blotting Method (Save the file and run under the IE environment)

Biotechnology + Transgenic organisms (GMOs)

Biotechnology experiments (U. of Reading, U.K.) http://www.ncbe.reading.ac.uk/NCBE/PROTOCOLS/pracbiotech.html 

Biotechnology (Educational CD-ROM : Institute of Education 2002; good reference) Intranet version

     (1) Study the menu option CLASSROOM (A lot of course relevant contents !)

     (2) Study the menu option EXPERIMENT (Teacher's guidance at this stage)

\\Mkc_vs2\video\Biological Sciences, 生命科學\BIOTECHNOLOGY 生物科技(HK Institute of Education 2002)

[必看/必做] [Discovery - Chapter 17  a number of simulation for DNA technology / [INTRANET RESOURCE]  :  file:\\Mkc_vs2\Video\Biological Sciences, 生命科學\AL BIOLOGY_TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES_DISCOVERY\HTML\index.html   

    * creating a DNA library (isolating human gene fragments by restriction endonucleases)

    * DNA fingerprint (forensic science)

The basic technique of genetic engineering (S5 level)

[必看] Insulin production by genetically engineered bacteria E.coli

[必看] Using E. coli as protein-manufacturing-factory to produce human insulin and previous use of pig's insulin from slaughter house 

[可以不看] Finding the human insulin gene - a race against time

[可以不看 / 悶] Production of biochemicals by GM bacteria

[可以不看 / 超悶] Bacterial plasmid

[可以不看 / 超悶] Insulin crystal

[可以考慮] Production fermentation tank where GM bacteria make insulin

[必看] Transgenic mammal that produces " therapeutic protein " in milk

[必看] Genetech - the company that owns huge array of fermenters

[必看] Transgenic plants - pioneering work by Monsanto / the use of Agrobacterium sp. as a vector / GM tomato / controversies & ethical concerns

[必看] The techniques of transgenesis (radiation treatment, DNA gun)

[必看] GM crops - its advantages and working principles (artificial breeding + genetic engineering ; 袁隆平 , 辛世文

[可以考慮] GM crops - controversial viewpoints

[可以考慮] GM crops - the " green " viewpoints - (e.g.rice and fish ecosystem)

[可以考慮] GM crops - the issue of safety and legal regulation (with clips on DNA gel electrophoresis)

[可以考慮]  GM crops - a variety of them ...

[可以考慮] GM crops - the solution to a shortage of foods ?

[可以考慮] Genetic engineering - (classroom expt., stock market, GM rat milk)

[可以不看] Cloning, genetically modified foods, and future direction of biotechnology (full version, 753MB)

Genetic engineering / DNA technology (Teacher's reference , 學生可略去不看)

[老師參考] PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) 

THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT (HGP) , excellent ! 　Multi-media resources on 

   http://www.genome.gov/Pages/EducationKit/download.html

Introductory slide show on the HGP (intranet) 人類基因組計劃

Significant steps in the timeline of genetics research (*.exe file)

How to sequence a genome (*.exe file)

Genes, variation and human history  (*.exe file)

Ethical, legal and social implications of the HGP (*.exe file)

Cell Division / the cell cycle

Cell Division video and animation menu page (暫作 Cell division 主頁)

Mendelian genetics menu page

 Genes and diseases 

Genetic disorder menu at cccmkc

Genetic disorder (Your genes, your health; multi-media)  http://www.yourgenesyourhealth.org/ygyh/mason/index

Genes carriers who can eat a lot of saturated fats without the risk of developing arterial hardening and coronary vessels blockage (part 1)

Back to the Genetics main menu

Back to the Genetics and Evolution MAIN menu