The stomach

The internal lining of the stomach is much folded. Essentially the stomach is a muscular bag that consists of three muscle layers running in different directions. It has a churning function to aid mechanical digestion. Moreover, chemical digestion of proteins starts here. Pepsin, a powerful protease, can catalyse the breakdown of protein molecule into shorter polypeptide chains.  [Back to Human anatomy menu]

Below is a ventral view of the skull, the large hole allows the exit of the spinal cord.